Development and validation of digital health literacy competencies for citizens (DHLC), an instrument for measuring digital health literacy in the community.

COVID-19 is a new disease in human life and has become pandemic. Pandemic Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has been speeding up digital transformation in every sector. Implementation of digital technology in health should be supported by the community's readiness, such as digital health literacy to achieve the goals, optimize health service performance, and blockage infodemics and miss information. Implementation of digital technology in health should be supported by the community's readiness, such as digital health literacy to achieve the goals, optimize health service performance, and blockage infodemics and miss information. This study aims to develop a tool to measure digital health literacy in the community through three stages such as expert review, pre-test and field test. DHLC adopted the five competencies areas into 18 questions and put eight questions related to health literacy; the total items question of DHLC are 26 items questions. This study reveals that all of the score digital competencies areas below 4. Score 4 in DHLC indicates that the community still need guidance to doing activity in the digital environment. Elevating digital health literacy in the citizens is urgent to control the spreading misinformation and disinformation that could worsen pandemics. Future studies need to conduct to test the validity and reliability of DHLC in various settings.

Analysis of health protocol application to compliance level in informal workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

The high number of COVID-19 cases until the end of 2020 is a complicated problem in all countries including Indonesia. The dilemma between health choices or the continuity of life to keep working and making ends meet has become a struggle during the COVID-19pandemic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the application of health protocols to the level of adherence to informal workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This research method using cross-sectional data collection was done by interview method. The population of this research is in the informal work unit in the district Tanjung Mas Semarang, and we obtained a sample of 52 respondents. Data processing SPSS program and bivariate test using Fisher Exact Test. Result: The results of this study are there is a relationship between the application of health protocols with the level of compliance in the workplace with a p-value of 0.000. The low availability of sanitation facilities in implementing health protocols by workplace leaders and the lack of monitoring by leaders are one of the reasons for the high number of COVID-19 cases. Keywords: COVID-19 health protocol level of compliance workplace.